Tugaim is an irregular verb. Its verbal noun is tabhairt /tu:rʹtʹ/. The verbal adjective is tabhartha /tu:rhə/.
Habitual present tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | tugaim, bheirim | tugimʹ, vʹerʹimʹ | ní thugaim | nʹi: hugimʹ | |
| you s. | tugann tú | tugən tu: | ní thugann tú | nʹi: hugən tu: | |
| he | tugann sé | tugən sʹe: | ní thugann sé | nʹi: hugən sʹe: | |
| we | tugaimíd | tugimʹi:dʹ | ní thugaimíd | nʹi: hugimʹi:dʹ | |
| you pl. | tugann sibh | tugən sʹivʹ | ní thugann sibh | nʹi: hugən sʹivʹ | |
| they | tugaid siad | tugidʹ sʹiəd | ní thugaid siad | nʹi: hugidʹ sʹiəd | |
| one | tugtar | tugtər | ní thugtar | nʹi: hugtər |
Note: the historically correct forms are do-bheirim and ní thugaim. Bheirim is often used in tandem with tugaim in the absolute in Peadar Ua Laoghaire, particularly in the first person singular, but otherwise tugaim can be said to have replaced bheirim. In traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage lenites. The autonomous form can also be tugthar /tugəhər/.
Simple past tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do thugas | də hugəs | níor thugas | nʹi:r hugəs | |
| you s. | do thugais | də hugisʹ | níor thugais | nʹi:r hugisʹ | |
| he | do thug sé | də hug sʹe: | níor thug sé | nʹi:r hug sʹe: | |
| we | do thugamair | də hugəmirʹ | níor thugamair | nʹi:r hugəmirʹ | |
| you pl. | do thugabhair | də hugu:rʹ | níor thugabhair | nʹi:r hugu:rʹ | |
| they | do thugadar | də hugədər | níor thugadar | nʹi:r hugədər | |
| one | do tugadh | də tugəg | níor tugadh | nʹi:r tugəg |
Note: the past-tense autonomous form is not lenited after do or níor or after the direct relative particle.
Future tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | tabharfad, tabharfaidh mé, bhéarfad | tu:rhəd, tu:rhi mʹe:, vʹiarhəd | ní thabharfad, ní thabharfaidh mé | nʹi: hu:rhəd, nʹi: hu:rhi mʹe: | |
| you s. | tabharfair | tu:rhirʹ | ní thabharfair | nʹi: hu:rhirʹ | |
| he | tabharfaidh sé | tu:rhi sʹe: | ní thabharfaidh sé | nʹi: hu:rhi sʹe: | |
| we | tabharfaimíd | tu:rhimʹi:dʹ | ní thabharfaimíd | nʹi: hu:rhimʹi:dʹ | |
| you pl. | tabharfaidh sibh | tu:rhi sʹivʹ | ní thabharfaidh sibh | nʹi: hu:rhi sʹivʹ | |
| they | tabharfaid siad | tu:rhidʹ sʹiəd | ní thabharfaid siad | nʹi: hu:rhidʹ sʹiəd | |
| one | tabharfar | tu:rfər | ní thabharfar | nʹi: hu:rfər |
Note: the historically correct forms are do-bhéarad and ní thiubhrad. The absolute form bhéarfad is occasionally used by Peadar Ua Laoghaire in the first person singular. In traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage lenites.
Conditional tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do thabharfainn | də hu:rhiŋʹ | ní thabharfainn | nʹi: hu:rhiŋʹ | |
| you s. | do thabharfá | də hu:rfɑ: | ní thabharfá | nʹi: hu:rfɑ: | |
| he | do thabharfadh sé | də hu:rhəx sʹe: | ní thabharfadh sé | nʹi: hu:rhəx sʹe: | |
| we | do thabharfaimís | də hu:rhimʹi:sʹ | ní thabharfaimís | nʹi: hu:rhimʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | do thabharfadh sibh | də hu:rhəx sʹivʹ | ní thabharfadh sibh | nʹi: hu:rhəx sʹivʹ | |
| they | do thabharfaidís | də hu:rhidʹi:sʹ | ní thabharfaidís | nʹi: hu:rhidʹi:sʹ | |
| one | do thabharfaí | də hu:rfʹi: | ní thabharfaí | nʹi: hu:rfʹi: |
Note: the historically correct forms are do-bhéarainn and ní thiubhrainn. In traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage lenites.
Habitual past or imperfect tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do thugainn | də hugiŋʹ | ní thugainn | nʹi: hugiŋʹ | |
| you s. | do thugthá | də hugəhɑ: | ní thugthá | nʹi: hugəhɑ: | |
| he | do thugadh sé | də hugəx sʹe: | ní thugadh sé | nʹi: hugəx sʹe: | |
| we | do thugaimís | də hugimʹi:sʹ | ní thugaimís | nʹi: hugimʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | do thugadh sibh | də hugəx sʹivʹ | ní thugadh sibh | nʹi: hugəx sʹivʹ | |
| they | do thugaidís | də hugidʹi:sʹ | ní thugaidís | nʹi: hugidʹi:sʹ | |
| one | do thugtaí | də hugtʹi: | ní thugtaí | nʹi: hugtʹi: |
Note: the historically correct forms are do-bheirinn and ní thabhrainn. In traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage lenites. The second person singular can also be pronounced /də hugtɑ:/.
Imperative mood
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | tugaim | tugimʹ | ná tugaim | nɑ: tugimʹ | |
| you s. | tabhair | tu:r | ná tabhair | nɑ: tu:r | |
| he | tugadh sé | tugəx sʹe: | ná tugadh sé | nɑ: tugəx sʹe: | |
| we | tugaimís | tugimʹi:sʹ | ná tugaimís | nɑ: tugimʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | tugaidh | tugigʹ | ná tugaidh | nɑ: tugigʹ | |
| they | tugaidís | tugidʹi:sʹ | ná tugaidís | nɑ: tugidʹi:sʹ | |
| one | tugtar | tugtər | ná tugtar | nɑ: tugtər |
Note: the historically correct forms would be tabhraim, etc, of which root tabhair is the only survival in the imperative. The autonomous form can also be tugthar /tugəhər/.
Present subjunctive
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | go dtugad | gə dugəd | nár thugad | nɑ:r hugəd | |
| you s. | go dtugair | gə dugirʹ | nár thugair | nɑ:r hugirʹ | |
| he | go dtugaidh sé | gə dugi sʹe: | nár thugaidh sé | nɑ:r hugi sʹe: | |
| we | go dtugaimíd | gə dugimʹi:dʹ | nár thugaimíd | nɑ:r hugimʹi:dʹ | |
| you pl. | go dtugaidh sibh | gə dugi sʹivʹ | nár thugaidh sibh | nɑ:r hugi sʹivʹ | |
| they | go dtugaid siad | gə dugidʹ sʹiəd | nár thugaid siad | nɑ:r hugidʹ sʹiəd | |
| one | go dtugtar | gə dugtər | nár thugtar | nɑ:r hugtər |
Note: in traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after nár, although current usage lenites. The present subjunctive is often replaced by the future tense. The autonomous form can also be tugthar /tugəhər/.
Imperfect subjunctive
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | dá dtugainn | dɑ: dugiŋʹ | mara dtugainn | mɑrə dugiŋʹ | |
| you s. | dá dtugthá | dɑ: dugəhɑ: | mara dtugthá | mɑrə dugəhɑ: | |
| he | dá dtugadh sé | dɑ: dugəx sʹe: | mara dtugadh sé | mɑrə dugəx sʹe: | |
| we | dá dtugaimís | dɑ: dugimʹi:sʹ | mara dtugaimís | mɑrə dugimʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | dá dtugadh sibh | dɑ: dugəx sʹivʹ | mara dtugadh sibh | mɑrə dugəx sʹivʹ | |
| they | dá dtugaidís | dɑ: dugidʹi:sʹ | mara dtugaidís | mɑrə dugidʹi:sʹ | |
| one | dá dtugtaí | dɑ: dugtʹi: | mara dtugtaí | mɑrə dugtʹi: |
Note: the historically correct form is dá dtabhrainn. The past subjunctive is often replaced by the conditional tense. The second person singular can also be pronounced /dɑ: dugtɑ:/.