Gabhaim is a verb that is irregular in some tenses, with some of its forms shared with the verb gheibhim. Its verbal noun is gabháil /gvɑlʹ/. The verbal adjective is gafa /gofə/ (spelled gabhtha in the old orthography).
Audio files were read by Eoiní Mhaidhc Ó Súilleabháin, native speaker in the Cork Gaeltacht, August 10th-11th 2010.
Habitual present tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | gabhaim Audio | goumʹ | ní ghabhaim Audio | nʹi: ɣoumʹ | |
| you s. | gabhann tú | goun tu: | ní ghabhann tú | nʹi: ɣoun tu: | |
| he | gabhann sé | goun sʹe: | ní ghabhann sé | nʹi: ɣoun sʹe: | |
| we | gabhaimíd | goumʹi:dʹ | ní ghabhaimíd | nʹi: ɣoumʹi:dʹ | |
| you pl. | gabhann sibh | goun sʹivʹ | ní ghabhann sibh | nʹi: ɣoun sʹivʹ | |
| they | gabhaid siad | goudʹ sʹiəd | ní ghabhaid siad | nʹi: ɣoudʹ sʹiəd | |
| one | gabhtar | goutər | ní gabhtar | nʹi: goutər |
Note: in traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage varies.
Simple past tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do ghabhas Audio | də ɣous | níor ghabhas Audio | nʹi:r ɣous | |
| you s. | do ghabhais | də ɣousʹ | níor ghabhais | nʹi:r ɣousʹ | |
| he | do ghaibh sé | də ɣevʹ sʹe: | níor ghaibh sé | nʹi:r ɣevʹ sʹe: | |
| we | do ghabhamair | də ɣoumirʹ | níor ghabhamair | nʹi:r ɣoumirʹ | |
| you pl. | do ghabhabhair | də ɣouu:rʹ | níor ghabhabhair | nʹi:r ɣouu:rʹ | |
| they | do ghabhadar | də ɣoudər | níor ghabhadar | nʹi:r ɣoudər | |
| one | do gabhadh | də goug | níor gabhadh | nʹi:r goug |
Note: the past-tense autonomous form is not lenited after do or níor or after the direct relative particle.
Future tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | geobhad, geobhaidh mé Audio | gʹo:d, gʹo: mʹe: | ní gheobhad, ní gheobhaidh mé Audio | nʹi: jo:d, nʹi: jo: mʹe: | |
| you s. | geobhair, geobhaidh mé | gʹo:rʹ, gʹo: tu: | ní gheobhair, ní gheobhaidh tú | nʹi: jo:rʹ, nʹi: jo: tu: | |
| he | geobhaidh sé | gʹo: sʹe: | ní gheobhaidh sé | nʹi: jo: sʹe: | |
| we | geobhaimíd | gʹo:mʹi:dʹ | ní gheobhaimíd | nʹi: jo:mʹi:dʹ | |
| you pl. | geobhaidh sibh | gʹo: sʹivʹ | ní gheobhaidh sibh | nʹi: jo: sʹivʹ | |
| they | geobhaid siad | gʹo:dʹ sʹiəd | ní gheobhaid siad | nʹi: jo:dʹ sʹiəd | |
| one | geofar | gʹo:fər | ní geofar | nʹi: gʹo:fər |
Note: in traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage varies.
Conditional tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do gheobhainn Audio | də jo:ŋʹ | ní gheobhainn Audio | nʹi: jo:ŋʹ | |
| you s. | do gheofá | də jo:fɑ: | ní gheofá | nʹi: jo:fɑ: | |
| he | do gheobhadh sé | də jo:x sʹe: | ní gheobhadh sé | nʹi: jo:x sʹe: | |
| we | do gheobhaimís | də jo:mʹi:sʹ | ní gheobhaimís | nʹi: jo:mʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | do gheobhadh sibh | də jo:x sʹivʹ | ní gheobhadh sibh | nʹi: jo:x sʹivʹ | |
| they | do gheobhaidís | də jo:dʹi:sʹ | ní gheobhaidís | nʹi: jo:dʹi:sʹ | |
| one | do geofí | də gʹo:fʹi: | ní geofí | nʹi: gʹo:fʹi: |
Note: in traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage varies.
Habitual past or imperfect tense
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | do ghabhainn Audio | də ɣouŋʹ | ní ghabhainn Audio | nʹi: ɣouŋʹ | |
| you s. | do ghabhthá | də ɣouhɑ: | ní ghabhthá | nʹi: ɣouhɑ: | |
| he | do ghabhadh sé | də ɣoux sʹe: | ní ghabhadh sé | nʹi: ɣoux sʹe: | |
| we | do ghabhaimís | də ɣoumʹi:sʹ | ní ghabhaimís | nʹi: ɣoumʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | do ghabhadh sibh | də ɣoux sʹivʹ | ní ghabhadh sibh | nʹi: ɣoux sʹivʹ | |
| they | do ghabhaidís | də ɣoudʹi:sʹ | ní ghabhaidís | nʹi: ɣoudʹi:sʹ | |
| one | do gabhtaí | də goutʹi: | ní gabhtaí | nʹi: goutʹi: |
Note: in traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after ní and after the relative particle, although current usage varies. The second person singular can also be pronounced /də ɣoutɑ:/.
Imperative mood
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | gabhaim Audio | goumʹ | ná gabhaim Audio | nɑ: goumʹ | |
| you s. | gaibh | gevʹ | ná gaibh | nɑ: gevʹ | |
| he | gabhadh sé | goux sʹe: | ná gabhadh sé | nɑ: goux sʹe: | |
| we | gabhaimís | goumʹi:sʹ | ná gabhaimís | nɑ: goumʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | gabhaidh | gouigʹ | ná gabhaidh | nɑ: gouigʹ | |
| they | gabhaidís | goudʹi:sʹ | ná gabhaidís | nɑ: goudʹi:sʹ | |
| one | gabhtar | goutər | ná gabhtar | nɑ: goutər |
Present subjunctive
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | go ngabhad Audio | gə ŋoud | nár ghabhad Audio | nɑ:r ɣoud | |
| you s. | go ngabhair | gə ŋourʹ | nár ghabhair | nɑ:r ɣourʹ | |
| he | go ngabhaidh sé | gə ŋou sʹe: | nár ghabhaidh sé | nɑ:r ɣou sʹe: | |
| we | go ngabhaimíd | gə ŋoumʹi:dʹ | nár ghabhaimíd | nɑ:r ɣoumʹi:dʹ | |
| you pl. | go ngabhaidh sibh | gə ŋou sʹivʹ | nár ghabhaidh sibh | nɑ:r ɣou sʹivʹ | |
| they | go ngabhaid siad | gə ŋoudʹ sʹiəd | nár ghabhaid siad | nɑ:r ɣoudʹ sʹiəd | |
| one | go ngabhtar | gə ŋoutər | nár gabhtar | nɑ:r goutər |
Note: in traditional Cork Irish, the autonomous form will be found unlenited after nár, although current usage varies. The present subjunctive is often replaced by the future tense.
Imperfect subjunctive
| affirmative form | negative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | dá ngabhainn Audio | dɑ: ŋouŋʹ | mara ngabhainn Audio | mɑrə ŋouŋʹ | |
| you s. | dá ngabhthá | dɑ: ŋouhɑ: | mara ngabhthá | mɑrə ŋouhɑ: | |
| he | dá ngabhadh sé | dɑ: ŋoux sʹe: | mara ngabhadh sé | mɑrə ŋoux sʹe: | |
| we | dá ngabhaimís | dɑ: ŋoumʹi:sʹ | mara ngabhaimís | mɑrə ŋoumʹi:sʹ | |
| you pl. | dá ngabhadh sibh | dɑ: ŋoux sʹivʹ | mara ngabhadh sibh | mɑrə ŋoux sʹivʹ | |
| they | dá ngabhaidís | dɑ: ŋoudʹi:sʹ | mara ngabhaidís | mɑrə ŋoudʹi:sʹ | |
| one | dá ngabhtaí | dɑ: ŋoutʹi: | mara ngabhtaí | mɑrə ŋoutʹi: |
Note: the past subjunctive is often replaced by the conditional tense. The second person singular can also be pronounced /dɑ: ŋoutɑ:/.